Virendranath Chattopadhyaya [1880-1937] – India | United Kingdom | Jẹmánì | Belgium | France | Sweden | Russia
Awọn itan igbesi aye
Toby Housden, ọdun 2024
Apejuwe ti rogbodiyan transnational kan, Virendranath Chattophadyaya, tabi 'Chatto', ṣe igbẹhin gbogbo igbesi aye agba rẹ si idi ti orilẹ-ede India ati igbejako ijọba amunisin Ilu Gẹẹsi. Ija rogbodiyan rẹ mu u lati awọn ẹkọ rẹ ni Ilu Lọndọnu kọja Yuroopu – ni wiwa atilẹyin ati olugbo ti o fẹ fun ipolongo agbaye lodi si British Raj.
Apa aarin ti European Odyssey rẹ jẹ Berlin. Nibi o ṣe idasile Igbimọ Berlin , nigbamii ti a mọ ni Igbimọ Ominira India ( Indisches Unabhängigkeitskomite), agbari kan ti o ṣe ajọṣepọ kan pẹlu Germany lakoko Ogun Agbaye akọkọ lati ṣe iranlọwọ fun iṣọtẹ India.
Lakoko ati lẹhin ogun lati awọn ipilẹ ni Berlin ati Dubai, Chatto rin irin-ajo lọ si awọn apejọ ati kọ awọn asopọ ti ara ẹni si awujọ awujọ miiran ati awọn ipilẹṣẹ ijọba-ijọba ati awọn eeya ijọba, ni aabo igbeowo pataki ati ifowosowopo kọja Yuroopu. O mu iru awọn ipo amunisin siwaju siwaju bi Singapore, Constantinople ati Afiganisitani sinu nẹtiwọọki agbaye kan, ntan ete ete-British si awọn ara India ẹlẹgbẹ ti a fipa si nipo kaakiri agbaye nipasẹ ologun ati awọn iwulo iṣẹ ti ijọba naa.
Igbesi aye Chatto tan imọlẹ si Berlin bi ibudo anti-imperial ati funni ni oye si igbesi aye ti rogbodiyan agba aye, ti a fi agbara mu lati jade fun aabo ti ara ẹni ati ni iṣẹ ti idi ti ileto. Lẹsẹkẹsẹ ni itara ọgbọn ati fi sinu ewu nla nipasẹ iṣẹ igbesi aye rẹ, Chatto tun ṣe awọn aibalẹ iṣelu ati awọn iyipada bi irin-ajo rogbodiyan rẹ ti fa siwaju si apa osi ni arosọ ati si ila-oorun ni aye. Bi Communism ti dagbasoke lẹhin Iyika Ilu Rọsia, o rii apa osi ti o jinna bi alabaṣepọ tootọ kanṣoṣo si idi ti o lodi si amunisin. O gbe lọ si Moscow, nibiti yoo bajẹ pade rẹ opin ni ọwọ Stalin, nlọ sile kan julọ ti admiration nla ni egboogi-Imperial iyika.
Contact:
Toby Housden: tmehousden(at)gmail.com
References:
Barooah, Nirode K.: Chatto: The Life and Times of an Indian Anti-Imperialist in Europe, 2004.
Callahan, Kevin: “Performing inter-nationalism” in Stuttgart in 1907: French and German socialist nationalism and the political culture of an International Socialist Congress’, 2000.
Laursen, Ole Birk: Anti-Colonialism, Terrorism and the ‘Politics of Friendship’: Virendranath Chattopadhyaya and the European Anarchist Movement, 1910-1927, 2019.
Laursen, Ole Birk: The Hunt for Chatto W. Somerset Maugham, Revolutionary Reminiscences and the Fiction of Indian Nationalist Terrorism‘, The Anarchist Library, URL: https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/ole-birk-laursen-the-hunt-for-chatto, 2017 (last accessed 11.6.2024).
Lindener, Thomas: A City Against Empire: Transnational Anti-Imperialism in Mexico City, 1920-30, 2023.
Louro, Michele L.: Comrades against Imperialism: Nehru, India, and Interwar Internationalism, 2018.
Petersson, Frederik: Subversive Indian Networks in Berlin and Europe, 1914 – 1918. The History and Legacy of the Berlin Committee, 2014.
Stationen
Oriki ati Iselu ni idile Hyderabadi (1880-1902)
Lati Ọmọ ile-iwe si Aṣejiṣẹ ni Ile-iṣẹ Ijọba: Britain (1902-1910)
Ipade International Socialism: Apejọ Stuttgart 1907
Awọn agbasọ ọrọ ati awọn Anarchists ni Ilu Paris (1910-1914)
Igbimọ Berlin, Ile-iṣẹ Nationalist India kan (Oṣu Kẹsan 1915-May 1917)
Ṣiṣe ibon Swiss ati Idite bombu Zurich (ooru, 1915)
Ibi aabo, Awọn ijusile ati Ibanujẹ ni Ilu Stockholm (12th May 1917-Mars 1921)
Pada ni Berlin
Ajumọṣe Lodi si Imperialism ati Apejọ Brussels (Kínní 1927)
Ti a pe si Russia (Oṣu Kẹjọ 1932 - Oṣu Kẹsan 1937)