Ìdílé Garber [1879-2013] – Togo | Jẹmánì
Awọn itan igbesi aye
Robbie Aitken, 2022
Titi di iku rẹ ni ọdun 1950 ọkunrin Togo Amemenjong, ti a mọ lẹhin naa bi Joseph Garber, gbe ni ilu Berlin fun ọdun marun-un ọdun marun. Igbesi aye rẹ ati ti awọn ọmọ ti a bi ni Berlin ṣe apejuwe awọn ọna ti igbesi aye Awọn ara Jamani Dudu ti ṣe apẹrẹ nipasẹ ijọba amunisin ati awọn ogún rẹ ati nigbamii nipasẹ awọn eto imulo ẹda ti awọn Nazis.
O jẹ ijọba ti o mu Garber wa si Germany. Ni akọkọ ni ọdun 1891 o wa fun awọn idi ẹkọ ati lẹhinna ni ọdun 1896 o wa lati ṣe afihan bi apakan ti ọgba ẹranko ti eniyan ti a ṣe ni Ifihan Ile-igbimọ Ilu Jamani akọkọ ni Berlin-Treptow. Ni opin aranse naa o pinnu lati duro, o ṣe ikẹkọ bi telo, o si ṣe awọn jaketi ologun fun ọmọ ogun Jamani lakoko Ogun Agbaye, ṣaaju pe o pe lati jagun. Ni Berlin-Neukölln o ṣe igbeyawo ni ọdun 1910, o bẹrẹ idile kan, o si ṣiṣẹ awọn alaṣọ ọkunrin ti o ṣaṣeyọri titi di Ibanujẹ Nla.
Ko jẹ ọmọ ilu Jamani kan, koko-ọrọ ileto ti Jamani nikan, opin Ijọba Jamani ti fi Josefu ati awọn ọmọ rẹ silẹ laini ipinlẹ daradara. Àìsí ààbò lábẹ́ òfin yìí ló mú kí ìdílé túbọ̀ ní ìpalára ní gbàrà tí àwọn Násì ti dé ìjọba. Gẹgẹbi gbogbo awọn olugbe dudu, Josefu ati awọn ọmọ rẹ ti o dagba ni bayi ni a ya sọtọ ati pe wọn tunmọ si awọn ipele ti o pọ si ti iyasoto. A mu Josefu ni ọpọlọpọ igba nitori aini awọn iwe idanimọ, lakoko ti awọn ọmọ rẹ ko ni aṣayan diẹ bikoṣe lati pa igbe laaye nipasẹ ṣiṣe ni awọn iṣafihan nla ati awọn fiimu ikede ti Nazi ti n ṣogo ti iṣaju ti ileto.
Jósẹ́fù àtàwọn ọmọ rẹ̀ la ìjọba Násì já. Ni akoko lẹhin-1945 gbogbo awọn arakunrin Garber mẹrin ti lọ kuro ni Germany wọn wa lati kọ awọn igbesi aye tuntun ni ibomiiran.
Contact:
Robbie Aitken, Sheffield Hallam University, r.aitken(at)shu.ac.uk; (at)rjma_uk
Special Thanks/Credits:
J.W., daughter of Magdalene/Madeleine Garber, Eveline Meister, Bebero Lehman and Maresa Pinto
Literature:
Bundesarchiv Berlin R1001 6350
Bundesarchiv Berlin R1001 7562
Bundesarchiv Berlin R1001 5572
Landesarchiv Berlin A Rep. 341-02 Nr.11649
Archives nationales d'outre-mer, Aix-en Provence Fonds Ministeriels – Affaires Politiques 614/2
Private Archive, Family Garber
Further Reading:
Aitken, Robbie and Eve Rosenhaft, Black Germany: The Making and Unmaking of a Diaspora Community, 1884-1960 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013).
Susan Lewerenz, ‘The Tropical Express in Nazi Germany’, in Len Platt, Tobias Becker, and David Linton (eds), Popular Musical Theatre in London and Berlin (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014), pp. 242-57.
Stationen
Ti ndagba ni Aného
Iriri akọkọ ti Germany ni Schloss Buderose
Ifihan Ileto ti Jamani akọkọ ni ọdun 1896
Ṣiṣeto isalẹ
Ile Idile ati Igbesi aye Idile
Bosambos 5 naa
Àìlórílẹ̀-èdè
Iyasọtọ, ifisilẹ, ati iwalaaye ni Berlin akoko ogun
Lẹhin ogun
Ibẹrẹ Tuntun
Madeleine Garber