Virendranath Chattopadhyaya [1880-1937] – India | Birtaniya | Jamus | Belgium | Faransa | Sweden | Rasha
Labaran rayuwa
Toby Houden, 2024
Misalin juyin juya hali na kasa da kasa, Virendranath Chattophadyaya, ko 'Chatto', ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa gaba daya ga manufar kishin Indiya da yaki da mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya. Ƙaunar juyin juya hali ya jagoranci shi daga karatunsa a London a fadin Turai - don neman goyon baya da masu sauraro masu son yin yakin duniya a kan Birtaniya Raj.
Babban kumburin Odyssey na Turai shine Berlin. A nan ya haɗu da kwamitin Berlin , daga baya aka sani da Kwamitin Independence na Indiya ( Indisches Unabhängigkeitskomite), ƙungiyar da ta kulla kawance da Jamus a lokacin yakin duniya na farko don taimakawa Indiyawan tawaye.
A lokacin da kuma bayan yakin daga sansanonin Berlin da Stockholm, Chatto ya yi balaguro zuwa tarurruka kuma ya gina alaƙa ta sirri ga sauran masu ra'ayin gurguzu da masu adawa da mulkin mallaka da kuma jiga-jigan gwamnati, tare da samun muhimman kudade da haɗin gwiwa a duk faɗin Turai. Ya kawo wasu wurare masu nisa na mulkin mallaka kamar Singapore, Constantinople da Afghanistan cikin hanyar sadarwa ta duniya, yana yada farfagandar kyamar Burtaniya ga 'yan uwan Indiyawa da sojoji da bukatun aiki na daular suka yi gudun hijira a fadin duniya.
Rayuwar Chatto tana haskakawa a Berlin a matsayin cibiyar adawa da mulkin mallaka kuma tana ba da haske game da rayuwar ɗan juyin juya hali na duniya, ana tilasta masa yin ƙaura don kare lafiyar kansa da kuma hidimar yaƙi da mulkin mallaka. Nan take Chatto ya samu kwarin guiwa da kuma jefa shi cikin hatsari mai tsanani ta hanyar aikinsa na rayuwa, shi ma Chatto ya fuskanci rashin jin dadi da sauye-sauye a siyasance yayin da tafiyarsa ta juyin juya hali ta jawo shi zuwa hagu ta akida da kuma gabas ta sararin samaniya. Yayin da tsarin gurguzu ya ci gaba bayan juyin juya halin Rasha, yana ganin hagu mai nisa a matsayin kawai aboki na gaskiya ga manufar adawa da mulkin mallaka. Ya koma Moscow, inda a ƙarshe zai gamu da ƙarshensa a hannun Stalin, ya bar gadon babban abin sha'awa a cikin da'irori masu adawa da mulkin mallaka.
Contact:
Toby Housden: tmehousden(at)gmail.com
References:
Barooah, Nirode K.: Chatto: The Life and Times of an Indian Anti-Imperialist in Europe, 2004.
Callahan, Kevin: “Performing inter-nationalism” in Stuttgart in 1907: French and German socialist nationalism and the political culture of an International Socialist Congress’, 2000.
Laursen, Ole Birk: Anti-Colonialism, Terrorism and the ‘Politics of Friendship’: Virendranath Chattopadhyaya and the European Anarchist Movement, 1910-1927, 2019.
Laursen, Ole Birk: The Hunt for Chatto W. Somerset Maugham, Revolutionary Reminiscences and the Fiction of Indian Nationalist Terrorism‘, The Anarchist Library, URL: https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/ole-birk-laursen-the-hunt-for-chatto, 2017 (last accessed 11.6.2024).
Lindener, Thomas: A City Against Empire: Transnational Anti-Imperialism in Mexico City, 1920-30, 2023.
Louro, Michele L.: Comrades against Imperialism: Nehru, India, and Interwar Internationalism, 2018.
Petersson, Frederik: Subversive Indian Networks in Berlin and Europe, 1914 – 1918. The History and Legacy of the Berlin Committee, 2014.
Stationen
Waka da Siyasa a cikin Iyalin Hyderabadi (1880-1902)
Daga Dalibi zuwa Mai fafutuka a Cibiyar Daular: Biritaniya (1902-1910)
Haɗu da Socialism na Duniya: Taron Stuttgart 1907
Jama'a da Anarchists a Paris (1910-1914)
Kwamitin Berlin, Cibiyar 'Yan Ƙasar Indiya (Satumba 1915-Mayu 1917)
Gudun Gun Gudun Swiss da Tsarin Bam na Zurich (lokacin bazara, 1915)
Mafaka, ƙin yarda da ruɗi a Stockholm (12 ga Mayu 1917-Maris 1921)
Komawa a Berlin
League Against Imperialism da taron Brussels (Fabrairu 1927)
An kira shi zuwa Rasha (Agusta 1932 - Satumba 1937)