Adolf Bernhard Meyer [1840-1911] da tarin kayan tarihi na zamanin mulkin mallaka a Dresden – Jamus | Indonesia | Philippines | Switzerland
Yawon shakatawa mai jigo
Margaret Slevin, 2024
Adolf Bernhard Meyer (b. Hamburg 1840, d. Berlin 1911) masanin kimiyar Jamus ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan gidan tarihi na Royal Zoological and Anthropological-Ethnographic Museum Dresden (das Königlich Zoologisches und Anthropologisch-Ethnographisches Museum Dresden) tsawon shekaru 30. Mahimmanci, ya kafa majalisar zartarwa ta Ethnographic a gidan tarihi na Royal tsakanin 1875 zuwa 1878 kuma ya jagoranci tarin kayan kabilanci daga kudu maso gabashin Asiya da Pacific sama da shekaru 30 na mulkinsa.
Kafin nadinsa a cikin 1874, ya tattara tarin dabbobi, ilimin ɗan adam, da ethnological tarin balaguron bincike na sirri (1870-73) zuwa Indonesia da Philippines a yau. A lokacin shugabancinsa gidan adana kayan tarihi na Royal ya siya tarinsa, a tsakanin sauran cibiyoyi a duk faɗin Turai, kuma ya ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin gidajen tarihi na magaji a yau. Yayin da Meyer ya fi sha'awar binciken ilimin dabbobi, ya kuma shiga aikin filaye na ɗan adam da ƙabilanci. A cikin ƙarni na goma sha tara a Jamus, ilimin ɗan adam yana magana ne akan ilimin halin ɗan adam, wanda burin wariyar launin fata shine yayi nazarin bambance-bambance a cikin halayen jikin ɗan adam, musamman kwanyar, da kuma ba da tabbataccen shaida na bambancin launin fata. Ethnology yayi magana akan ilimin halin ɗan adam wanda ya mayar da hankali a maimakon nazarin al'adun kayan aiki na ƙungiyoyi daban-daban. Karatun bangarorin biyu ya zama ruwan dare ga masana kimiyya kamar Meyer da mutanen zamaninsa.
Duk da tafiye-tafiyen Meyer da ke gudana kafin lokacin mulkin mallaka na Jamus (1884-1918), tafiye-tafiyensa da wallafe-wallafen na iya taimaka mana mu fahimci yadda mulkin mallaka da ilimin halin ɗan adam da ƙabilun Jamus suka kasance tare. Sun nuna yadda ra'ayoyin kimiyya ke yawo a cikin Turai da kuma duniyar mulkin mallaka, da kuma irin nau'in guraben karatu da gabatarwar jama'a da za su sanar da ra'ayoyin Jamus game da ƴan asali a kudu maso gabashin Asiya da Pacific, wasu daga cikinsu za su zo ƙarƙashin Jamus. mulkin mallaka.
References:
GRASSI Museum für Völkerkunde zu Leipzig: “Decolonisation, restitution, and repatriation.” Webpage.
Howes, Hilary: Anglo-German Anthropology in the Malay Archipelago, 1869-1910: Adolf Bernhard Meyer, Alfred Russel Wallace and A.C. Haddon, in: Anglo-German Scholarly Networks in the Long Nineteenth Century, 2014, pp. 126-146.
Howes, Hilary: ‘Shrieking Savages’ and ‘Men of Milder Customs’: Dr Adolf Bernhard Meyer in New Guinea, 1873, in: The Journal of Pacific History, 2012, pp. 21-44.
Martin, Petra: The Dresden Philippine Collection as Reflected in the History of Research, in: Delfin Tolentino, jr. (Ed.): Traveller and Collector. 19th Century Germans in the Cordillera. Forthcoming.
Museum für Völkerkunde Dresden: “About Us.” Webpage.
Petrou, Marissa Helene: Disciplines of Collection: Founding the Dresden Museum for Zoology, Anthropology and Ethnology in Imperial Germany. Doctoral Dissertation, 2016.
Stationen
Ilimin Masanin Halitta na Karni na Sha Tara
Daga Fassara zuwa Aikin Fage
Sha'awar ɗan adam ta Jamus a cikin Philippines
Meyer Ya Hadu da Juriya Daban-daban
Meyer's Royal Zoological and Anthropological-Ethnographic Museum
Gidan Tarihi na Royal a yau
Decolonization na hukumomi